The light waves are refracted as they enter and leave the prism. The shorter the wavelength of the light, the more it is refracted. As a result, red light is refracted the least and violet light is refracted the most - causing the colored light to spread out to form a spectrum. The most famous effect of prisms is the rainbow. The refraction of light that occurs in a prism also has the result of splitting white light into its component colors. This splitting is because different wavelengths of light travel at different speeds when crossing into a new medium (such as the glass of a prism).
The light waves are refracted as they enter and leave the prism. The shorter the wavelength of the light, the more it is refracted. As a result, red light is refracted the least and violet light is refracted the most - causing the colored light to spread out to form a spectrum.
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